NHER 6342 (Find Spot record) - Prehistoric worked flints, Briton's Lane Pit

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Summary

A number of prehistoric worked flints were recovered from in and around this pit when it was being worked during the 20th century. These include a number of supposedly Palaeolithic flints that were recovered during the 1930s from what were believed to be Anglian outwash gravels. These were seen as examples of a distinct "Runtonian" industry, being similar to flints that had been recovered from equivalent deposits in several other pits in this area. Although many of the flints recovered from such deposits around this time are now mostly seen as dubious artefacts it appears that these particular examples were amongst the more convincing. A small number of later finds have also been recovered from this pit, including a Mesolithic tranchet axehead, a adze/axe fragment of less certain date and a ripple-flaked piece of possible Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age date.

Protected Status/Designation

  • None recorded

Location

Map sheet TG14SE
Civil Parish BEESTON REGIS, NORTH NORFOLK, NORFOLK

Map

Pre 1938. Field Observation.
In 1942 J. Reid Moir and D. Baden-Powell published a description of a Palaeolithic flint industry they named the “Runtonian”, which had been recovered from a series of pits in and around Runton (S1). This industry, first reported in 1938 (S2), was described as comprising unmodified flakes, possible cores, scrapers and other retouched flake implements. These objects had been recovered from deposits described as Corton Sands and Briton’s Lane Gravel – material associated with the Anglian glaciation. It was noted that at the Briton's Lane pit some of the artefacts recovered had "been removed from the gravel at Briton’s Lane pit 30 feet [9m] or so from the surface". The seven implements illustrated in (S1) include a flake implement (Fig 1) and a scraper (Fig 6) from Briton's Lane. Whilst it is likely that many of the "Runtonian" flint are dubious artefacts, Wymer (S3) has however noted that at least some of the illustrated pieces "appear to be genuine artefacts, especially the scraper from Briton's Lane". He does though note that insufficient evidence was presented to confirm their suggested provenance.

The British Museum holds a number of "Runtonian" flints from the Briton's Lane Pit (1943,1101.2, 4-5, 9-10, 17-18, 21-22, 26-27). These are almost certainly material that had been recovered by Moir and Baden-Powell.
Information from (S4). These flints are also noted on (S5).
Amended by P. Watkins (HES), 24 July 2014.

Pre November 1943. Stray Find.
According to Wymer's Mesolithic gazetteer (S6) this pit was the source of 6 Mesolithic flakes/blade with the provenance "Ingram Sand Pit". These flints are held by the Norwich Castle Museum (NWHCM : 1943.89.1) and are actually material found by a I. C. Ingram in a pit close to the cliffs (NHER 6346). These finds are listed in R. Jacobi's records (S7), who also recorded this collection as including a small number of worked flints that were from the Briton's Lane pit - which presumably explains the incorrect provenance given for the "sand pit" finds. According to Jacobi the Briton's Lane finds include:
1 Mesolithic flint tranchet axehead (butt end).
1 butt fragment of an axe/adze of unspecified date.
1 "scale flaked piece" (again no date specified but presumably Late Neolithic/Early Bronze Age).

Pre 2000. Stray Find.
The Norwich Castle Museum hold 2 ?Palaeolithic flint flakes from the Briton's Lane pit that were retrospectively accessioned in 2000 (NWHCM : 2000.198). Although the donor [1] is noted in the museum's records no other details are recorded.
P. Watkins (HES), 24 July 2014.

  • --- Archive: National Archaeological Record.
  • --- Map: Ordnance Survey. Ordnance Survey 1:10,000.
  • --- Record Card: NAU Staff. 1974-1988. Norfolk Archaeological Index Primary Record Card.
  • --- Record Card: Ordnance Survey Staff. 1933-1979?. Ordnance Survey Record Cards. TG 14 SE 28.
  • <S1> Article in Serial: Baden-Powell, D. F. W. and Moir, J. Reid. 1942. On a New Palaeolithic Industry from the Norfolk Coast. Geological Magazine. Vol LXXIX No 4.
  • <S2> Article in Serial: Moir, J. Reid. And Baden-Powell, D. F. W. 1938. A Palaeolithic Industry from the Cromer District. Nature. Vol 142 19 November p 912.
  • <S3> Publication: Wymer, J. J. 1985. Palaeolithic Sites of East Anglia. p 25.
  • <S4> Record Card: Clarke, R. R. and NCM Staff. 1933-1973. Norwich Castle Museum Record Card - Miscellaneous Prehistoric.
  • <S5> Record Card: Wymer, J. J. Wymer Index Card - Palaeolithic. Beeston Regis.
  • <S6> Monograph: Wymer, J. J. and Bonsall, C. J. (eds). 1977. Gazetteer of Mesolithic Sites in England and Wales with a Gazetteer of Upper Palaeolithic Sites in England and Wales. Council for British Archaeology Research Report. No. 20. p 204.
  • <S7> Archive: R. Jacobi. -. Jacobi Archive. 10158; 10160.
  • END SCRAPER (Lower Palaeolithic to Middle Palaeolithic - 1000000 BC? to 40001 BC?)
  • FLAKE (Lower Palaeolithic to Middle Palaeolithic - 1000000 BC? to 40001 BC?)
  • RETOUCHED FLAKE (Lower Palaeolithic to Middle Palaeolithic - 1000000 BC? to 40001 BC?)
  • WORKED OBJECT (Palaeolithic - 1000000 BC? to 10001 BC?)
  • TRANCHET AXEHEAD (Mesolithic - 10000 BC to 4001 BC)
  • FLAKED AXEHEAD (Neolithic - 4000 BC? to 2351 BC)
  • KNIFE (Late Neolithic to Early Bronze Age - 3000 BC? to 1501 BC?)

Related NHER Records (0)

Record last edited

Jul 23 2019 12:11PM

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